All three were right

  • Netflix, Instagram and Twitter made different database choices and all were correct (10:03)
  • They were not picking the best database — they were picking the best database for their specific access pattern (10:03)

The real system design skill

  • It is not memorizing which database is fastest or most scalable (10:03)
  • It is understanding your data, your queries, your trade-offs, then matching them to the right tool (10:19, 10:24)

Summary table

CompanyDatabaseDriving access patternAccepted trade-off
NetflixCassandra3M+ writes/sec, key-based readsNo joins, aggressive denormalization
InstagramPostgreSQLRead-heavy relational queriesRequires heavy scaling engineering (pooling, replicas, partitioning, indexing)
TwitterRedis (cache) + durable storeInstant pre-computed timelinesRedis is not durable; hybrid fan-out needed for celebrities

Outro

  • The author points to a system design master course covering these architectural patterns in more depth with hands-on examples (10:24)